Note on Making of Constitution of India [150 words]

Making of Constitution of India 

The Constitution of India is the supreme law of India. The document lays down the framework that demarcates the fundamental political code, structure, procedures, powers, and duties of government institutions and sets out fundamental rights, directive principles, and the duties of citizens. It is the longest written national constitution in the world. It imparts constitutional supremacy and was adopted by its people with a declaration in its preamble. Parliament cannot override the Constitution. It was adopted by the Constituent Assembly of India on 26 November 1949 and became effective on 26 January 1950. The constitution replaced the Government of India Act 1935 as the country's fundamental governing document, and the Dominion of India became the Republic of India. The constitution declares India a sovereign, socialist, secular, and democratic republic assures its citizens justice, equality, and liberty, and endeavors to promote fraternity. The 389-member assembly (reduced to 299 after the partition of India) took almost three years to draft the constitution holding eleven sessions over a 165-day period. Ambedkar is recognized as the "Father of the Constitution of India".

Timeline of formation of the Constitution of India

• 6 December 1946: Formation of the Constitution Assembly.
• 9 December 1946: The first meeting was held in the constitution hall. The 1st person to address was J. B. Kripalani, and Sachchidananda Sinha became temporary president.
• 11 December 1946: The Assembly appointed Rajendra Prasad as its president.
• 13 December 1946: An "Objective Resolution" was presented by Jawaharlal Nehru, laying down the underlying principles of the constitution. This later became the Preamble of the Constitution
• 22 July 1947: National flag adopted.
• 29 August 1947: Drafting Committee appointed with B. R. Ambedkar as its Chairman.
• 26 November 1949: The Constitution of India was passed and adopted by the assembly.
• 24 January 1950: Last meeting of Constituent Assembly. The Constitution was signed and accepted (with 395 Articles, 8 Schedules, and 22 Parts).
• 26 January 1950: The Constitution came into force.